Ovarian Cyst Surgery

Ovarian cyst surgery is a procedure to remove cysts from the ovary, either to relieve symptoms, rule out cancer, or preserve fertility. Most ovarian cysts are benign and go away on their own, but some may require surgical removal.

What is an Ovarian Cyst?

An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac that develops on or inside an ovary. Common types include:

• Functional cysts (follicular or corpus luteum)
• Dermoid cysts
• Endometriomas (associated with endometriosis)
• Cystadenomas
• Polycystic ovaries (in PCOS – usually not removed surgically)

When is Surgery Needed?

Surgery is considered if:

• Cyst is large (>5–10 cm)
• It doesn’t go away after a few menstrual cycles
• It causes pain, bloating, pressure, or other symptoms
• There's a risk of rupture, torsion, or cancer
• In postmenopausal women

Types of Ovarian Cyst Surgery:

1. Cystectomy

• Only the cyst is removed, ovaries are preserved
• Best for younger women and fertility preservation

2. Oophorectomy

• Entire ovary is removed, sometimes both if needed
• Chosen if cyst is complex or suspicious of malignancy

After Surgery Care:

• Short hospital stay (1–2 days for laparoscopy)
• Pain relief and wound care
• Avoid heavy activity for a few weeks
• Follow-up ultrasound or histopathology if needed