Bartholin's Cyst

A Bartholin’s cyst is a fluid-filled swelling that forms near the opening of the vagina when the Bartholin’s gland (located on either side of the vaginal opening) becomes blocked. These glands normally secrete fluid to keep the vaginal area moist.

What Causes It?

• Blockage of the duct of the Bartholin’s gland
• Can be due to infection, injury, or inflammation
• Sometimes can get infected, leading to a Bartholin's abscess (painful pus-filled swelling)

Symptoms:

• Small cysts may be painless and go unnoticed

Larger cysts can cause:

• Swelling on one side of the vaginal opening
• Discomfort while sitting, walking, or during intercourse
• Redness or tenderness if infected (abscess)
• Fever (if infection spreads)

Diagnosis:

• Based on physical examination
• Sometimes swab or fluid sample is taken if there is pus
• For women over 40, further tests may be done to rule out rare malignancy

Gynaecologist’s Role:

• Accurate diagnosis and counselling
• Determining whether it’s simple, infected, or recurrent
• Performing minor surgical procedures
• Providing guidance on hygiene, prevention, and follow-up

When to See a Doctor:

• If the lump is painful, growing, or red
• If there's fever or pus-like discharge
• If cysts are recurring